PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of fibula stabilization on reduction and union time of tibial fracture, and change in ankle mortise in the treatment of distal tibiofibular fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed 23 cases with distal tibiofibula fracture; 10 cases were stabilized and 13 cases were not stabilized for the fibula fracture with reduction and stabilization for the tibia fracture. We analyzed the initial and last follow-up radiograph, and clinical functional outcome. RESULTS There were significant differences in the tibiofibular clear space and tibiofibular overlap between two groups and there were somewhat significant differences in the union time of the tibial fracture and ROM of ankle and pain of fracture site or ankle between two groups. But there were no significant differences in talo-crural angle and gap of tibial fracture site between two groups. Moreover, such factors as initial displacement, soft tissue damage, comminution of fracture were affected the union time and prognosis of a tibial fractures. CONCLUSION Fibular stabilization group was effective in the maintenance of ankle mortise but there was no difference in the functional outcome. Analysis for much more cases and long term follow-up will be necessary for the precise evaluation of the treatment results.
Many authors have been discussed effects of fibular stabilization in the healing of the tibiofibular shaft fracture. A-0 group recommand fixation of the fibular shaft fracture in treatment of tibio-fibula shaft fracture with rationale of more stability of tibial fracture site and anatomical restoration of tibio-fibula relationship and so better effect on ankle motion. The purpose of this study is to indentify the effect of fibula stabilazation on reduction state of tibial fracture site, change in ankle mortise and healing period of tibial fracture site. Authors performed fibula stabilization with 1/3 plate and screws in 8 cases of tibio-fibula shaft fracture and compare with 40 cases of tibio-fibula fracture without fibula stabilization in point of above mentioned three effects.
The results were as follows.
1. O/R & I/F of the fibular fracture, had no effect on the reduction state of the tibial shaft fracture site but it was somewhat helpful to restoration of the ankle mortise owing to the restoration of the fibular length.
2. There were no significant differences in the weight bearing time and the union time of the tibial fracture between two groups.
3. We experienced 2 cases of implant failure on the fibular fixation site, due to shortening of the tibial fracture site and overloading of the fibular fixation site. In these 2 cases, ankle pain was debeloped before the implant-failure.
From the above result, we suggest that fibula stabilization have no benefit in treatment of tibio-fibular shaft fracture.