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Case Report
Helical Blade Locking Sleeve Disassembly Following Failed Femur Intertrochanter Fracture
Soon Ho Huh, Hong-Man Cho, Ji-Yeon Park
J Korean Fract Soc 2021;34(3):112-116.   Published online July 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2021.34.3.112
AbstractAbstract PDF
A helical blade type of hip screw is used widely for the operative management of femoral trochanteric fractures. A 73-year-old female patient was admitted for femoral trochanteric fracture AO/OTA type 31A2.2. A helical blade locking sleeve dissembled 18 weeks after surgery did not achieve accurate reduction. The patient underwent bipolar hip hemiarthroplasty because the fracture reduction was lost, and it was impossible to remove the remaining helical blade without bone loss. The authors report this case of a rare complication of helical blade.
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Original Articles
Retrospective Comparative Study of the Intraoperative Fracture Gap Compression in the Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture Using Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation
Se Jin Kim, Hong Man Cho, Jiyeon Park, Ki Yong An, Young Woo Chung, Woojin Shin
J Korean Fract Soc 2020;33(4):179-188.   Published online October 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2020.33.4.179
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
Intertrochanteric fractures can be treated using proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA). This study examined the clinical and radiological results of the intraoperative fracture compression.
Materials and Methods
Ninety-four patients underwent intraoperative compression (Group I), and 88 patients underwent natural sliding only (Group II). The patients were followed-up for more than two years. All patients met the following seven conditions: (1) AO/OTA 31-A1, A2 type intertrochanter fracture, (2) availability of compression of more than one cortical bone in the anterior or medial region of the fracture site under the preoperative imaging test, (3) Singh index grade ≥3, (4) blade position: center-center, center-inferior, (5) tip-apex distance <25 mm, (6) reduction status of good or very good, and (7) positive or neutral medial cortical support position with slightly valgus reduction.
Results
A slight tendency toward significant differences in acute phase pain between the two groups was observed at six weeks postoperatively (p=0.073). Twenty-four months after surgery, lateral extension of the PFNA helical blade between the two groups showed significant differences (p=0.017). Fracture gaps measured immediately after surgery showed significant differences (p=0.001), and a clear tendency for a significant difference in the average fracture union time was found (p=0.065).
Conclusion
Intraoperative fracture compression, intraoperative fracture compression appears beneficial to achieve a successful union of trochanteric fractures provided that all conditions are met to apply the method safely.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Benefits of a Demineralized Bone Matrix in Osteoporotic Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture Patients
    Se Jin Kim, Hong-Man Cho, Myung Cheol Jung
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2022; 35(4): 151.     CrossRef
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The Determination of Optimal Entry Point for Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation-II by Fluoroscopic Simulation: A Cadaveric Study
Jin Hoon Jeong, Gu Hee Jung
J Korean Fract Soc 2017;30(4):173-179.   Published online October 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2017.30.4.173
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
This study seeks to determine the anatomically optimal entry point of proximal femoral nail antirotation-II (PFNA-II®) according to geographic features of Korean cadaveric femoral trochanters for successful reduction of osteoporotic proximal femoral fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty-three adult cadaveric femurs without previous fractures or surgeries were included. Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral images of all femurs and PFNA-II® were taken with an image intensifier. Using the image synthesis process via the image editing program (Adobe Photoshop CS6), the optimal entry point was verified and compared with the tip of the greater trochanter (GT) and the cervicotro-chanteric junction on AP images, as well as the width of the trochanter and the neck on lateral images.
RESULTS
The optimal entry point of PFNA-II® was an average distance of 9.1 mm (range, 7–15 mm) medially from the tip of GT on AP images. The center of the nail was located at an average of 30% (range, 21%–44%) area from the posterior margin of the middle neck, which is an average area of 38% (range, 26%–48%) from the posterior cortex of the trochanter on lateral images. Furthermore, the ideal entry point was at the extended line of the cervico-trochanteric junction.
CONCLUSION
The optimal entry point, which was found to be medial to the tip of the GT and posterior to the center of the middle femoral neck and the trochanter, was at on the extended line of the cervicotrochanteric junction.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Clinical Research through Computational Anatomy and Virtual Fixation
    Ju Yeong Kim, Dong-Geun Kang, Gu-Hee Jung
    Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2023; 58(4): 299.     CrossRef
  • Does the Entry Point of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation Affect the Malalignment of Intertrochanteric Fracture? A Cadaveric Study
    Chittawee Jiamton, Nonpawit Nimmankiatkul, Pongsakorn Rungchamrassopa, Wichan Kanchanatawan, Pariyut Chiarapatanakom, Wirat Kongcharoensombat
    Journal of Southeast Asian Orthopaedics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Comparative Study of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation and Zimmer Natural Nail for the Treatment of Stable Intertrochanteric Fractures
Jee Hoon Kim, Oog Jin Shon
J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(4):305-313.   Published online October 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.4.305
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To compare the results between Proximal femoral nail antirotation II (PFNA II) and Zimmer natural nail Asia type (ZNN) for the treatment of stable intertrochanteric fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between September 2011 and September 2012, 40 consecutive patients with stable intertrochanteric femoral fractures were treated with PFNA II or ZNN. We reviewed 20 cases of PFNA II and 20 cases of ZNN prospectively. We evaluated the operation time, amount of bleeding, mean hospital day, and capability of mobility and function using 'mobility score of Parker and Palmer' and 'social score of Jensen'. We also evaluated the reduction state by the Fogagnolo, Cleveland index, change of tip and apex distance (TAD), sliding distance of cervical screw, change of neck shaft angle and bone union time.
RESULTS
There were no significant differences between the groups treated with PFNA and ZNN. Both groups showed good clinical results. PFNA showed less TAD change and ZNN showed a shorter sliding distance of cervical screw, but they were not statistically different. The bone union time was approximately 13 weeks in both groups.
CONCLUSION
PFNA and ZNN produced good clinical and radiologic results in the treatment of stable intertrochanteric fractures. There were no significant differences between the groups. Both implants provide good stability and union, so we can conclude that they are both suitable for the treatment of stable intertrochanteric fractures.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comparison of the Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of TFNA (Trochanteric Fixation Nail-Advanced) and PFNA-II (Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation-II) Treatment in Elderly Patients with Intertrochanteric Fractures
    Min Sung Kwon, Young Bok Kim, Gyu Min Kong
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2022; 35(4): 162.     CrossRef
  • Clinical and Radiologic Outcome of Intertrochanteric Fracture Treatment Using TFNA (Trochanteric Fixation Nail-Advanced)
    Hyeon Joon Lee, Hyun Bai Choi, Ba Rom Kim, Seung Hwan Jo, Sang Hong Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2021; 34(3): 105.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture fixation using a proximal femoral nail with a helical blade and lag screw type proximal femoral nail
    Woong Chae Na, Chae Won Lim, Sang Hong Lee
    Medical Biological Science and Engineering.2018; 1(2): 45.     CrossRef
  • BONE HEALING PATTERNS OF INTERLOCKED INTRAMEDULLARY NAIL-FIXATED FEMORAL SHAFT FRACTURES: AGE-MATCHED RADIOGRAPHIC PRESENTATION OF UNION PATTERN
    Myung-Sang Moon, Dong-Hyeon Kim, Bong-Keun Park, Min-Geun Yoon
    Journal of Musculoskeletal Research.2017; 20(02): 1750010.     CrossRef
  • The Curative Effect Comparison Between Prolonged Third Generation of Gamma Nail and Prolonged Dynamic Hip Screw Internal Fixation in Treating Femoral Intertrochanteric Fracture and the Effect on Infection
    Wenye He, Wei Zhang
    Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics.2015; 71(2): 695.     CrossRef
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The Treatment of Subtrochanteric Fractures with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation
Chi Hyoung Pak, Sang Hong Lee, Sang Ho Ha, Gwang Chul Lee, Kyoung Chul Song
J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(4):284-291.   Published online October 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.4.284
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of treating subtrochanteric femoral fractures with proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty five consecutive patients diagnosed with subtrochanteric femoral fractures underwent intramedullary fixation using PFNA and followed-up for over 12 months. According to the Seinsheimer's classification, there were 2 type IIA, 9 type IIB, 2 type IIIA, 3 type IV and 9 type V. According to the AO classification, there were 10 type A, 9 type B and 6 type C. There were 16 cases of closed reduction group and 9 cases of limited open reduction group. Retrospectively, radiological outcomes were assessed at the union period, change of neck shaft angle, tip-apex distance, Cleveland index, sliding of lag screw and complication.
RESULTS
Union was achieved in 23 of 25 cases, over an average of 17 weeks. Limb length shortening below 2 cm occurred in 7 patients. The Cleveland index was shown in 80% of 5, 6, 8 and 9 zone; the tip apex distance was 19.6 mm; the mean sliding distance was 4.4 mm; and the mean change of femur neck and shaft angle was varus 3 degree at the final follow-up. Complications included 3 cases of delayed union and 2 cases of nonunion.
CONCLUSION
With its early bony union, ambulation, rehabilitation and low complication, PFNA is a useful and reliable choice for the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures of the femur. Limited open reduction and additional fixation such as cable grip are recommended if it is difficult to obtain anatomical reduction by closed reduction.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Subtrochanteric Fracture Reduction during Intramedullary Nailing: Technical Note
    Gyu Min Kong
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2019; 32(2): 107.     CrossRef
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Case Report
Excessive Sliding of the Helical Blade and the Femoral Neck Fracture after Insertion of Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-Rotation for Type A2 Intertrochanteric Fractures - A Case Report -
Bong Ju Park, Hong Man Cho, Ju Han Kim, Woo Jin Sin
J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(2):151-155.   Published online April 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.2.151
AbstractAbstract PDF
Proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) with a lag screw that is shaped like a spiral blade shape is an orthopedic implant to fix trochanteric fractures of the proximal femur. In addition the reason of the biomechanical advantages, PFNA widely been used recently. We report an 83-year-old man with excessive sliding of the helical blade and a femoral neck fracture after AO/OTA type A2 intertrochanteric fracture, which was fixed with a PFNA.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Helical Blade Locking Sleeve Disassembly Following Failed Femur Intertrochanter Fracture - A Case Report -
    Soon Ho Huh, Hong-Man Cho, Ji-Yeon Park
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2021; 34(3): 112.     CrossRef
  • Retrospective Comparative Study of the Intraoperative Fracture Gap Compression in the Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture Using Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation
    Se Jin Kim, Hong Man Cho, Jiyeon Park, Ki Yong An, Young Woo Chung, Woojin Shin
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2020; 33(4): 179.     CrossRef
  • Failure of a Rotation Control Gamma 3 Lag Screw Used to Treat a Trochanteric Fracture
    Kyungho Choi, Yongtae Kim, Shicheng Zhou, Jihyo Hwang
    Hip & Pelvis.2018; 30(2): 129.     CrossRef
  • Femoral neck fractures after internal fixation of trochanteric fractures with implants in situ in adults: A systematic review
    Antonio Barquet, Peter V. Giannoudis, Andrés Gelink
    Injury.2018; 49(12): 2121.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
Comparative Study of Intertrochanteric Fracture Treated with the Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-Rotation and the Third Generation of Gamma Nail
Jae Cheon Sim, Tae Ho Kim, Ki Do Hong, Sung Sik Ha, Jong Seong Lee
J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(1):37-43.   Published online January 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.1.37
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To compare the result between the third generation gamma nail (gamma 3 nail) and proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between March 2009 and June 2011, 47 consecutive patients with unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures were treated with gamma 3 nail or PFNA. We reviewed 24 cases of gamma 3 nail and 23 cases of PFNA. Retrospectively, we evaluated the mean operation time, amount of bleeding, average union period, reduction status, change of neck shaft angle, Tip-apex distance, Cleveland index, sliding of lag screw and complication on set of telephone interview and outpatient. We also evaluated the postoperative capability of function and mobility, using 'Modified Koval index'.
RESULTS
There were no significant differences between the groups, which were treated with gamma 3 nail and PFNA. In addition, they did not show statistical difference. We experienced 2 cases of complication (gamma 3 nail 1 case, PFNA 1 case), which were cut-out of the femoral head.
CONCLUSION
The gamma 3 nail and PFNA were seen with good results in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comparative analysis of operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy time in intramedullary and extramedullary fixation of trochanteric fractures
    Milan Mitkovic, Sasa Milenkovic, Ivan Micic, Predrag Stojiljkovic, Igor Kostic, Milorad Mitkovic
    Vojnosanitetski pregled.2022; 79(2): 177.     CrossRef
  • Does the Helical Blade Lead to Higher Rates of Fixation Failure as Compared to Lag Screw in the Cephalomedullary Nailing Treatment of Hip Fractures? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Chul-Ho Kim, Han Soul Kim, Yong-Chan Kim, Dou Hyun Moon
    Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma.2021; 35(8): 401.     CrossRef
  • The Curative Effect Comparison Between Prolonged Third Generation of Gamma Nail and Prolonged Dynamic Hip Screw Internal Fixation in Treating Femoral Intertrochanteric Fracture and the Effect on Infection
    Wenye He, Wei Zhang
    Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics.2015; 71(2): 695.     CrossRef
  • Accuracy of the Lesser Trochanter for Guiding Lag Screw Insertion in Hip Fracture Management
    Jianlin Xiao, Zhongli Gao, Yanguo Qin, Xuezhou Li, Ao Wang, Lanyu Zhu, Jincheng Wang
    Orthopedics.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Treatment of the Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail: Nailing Using the Provisional K-wire Fixation
Gu Hee Jung
J Korean Fract Soc 2011;24(3):223-229.   Published online July 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2011.24.3.223
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficiency of provisional K-wire fixation in intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nail (PFN).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty seven patients (by AO/OTA classification, A1 8 cases, A2 19 cases) were treated with PFN with percutaneous reduction and provisional K-wire fixation, and followed a mean 24.5 months. The adequacy of fracture reduction was assessed by Fogagnolo's classification and reestablishment of bone-to-bone contact with the medial anatomy. Functional results were evaluated by postoperative complications, Jensen's method and Harris hip score (HHS).
RESULTS
In all cases, the bone-to-bone contact with the medial anatomy was reestablished by percutaneous reduction and examination of Fogagnolo's classification showed a good reduction. The technical complications and error of starting point were not occurred. The mean HHS was 76.5 and means Jensen's grade was 2.1 grades. Complications included excessive sliding in 1 case and early cutting-out of screw in 1 case.
CONCLUSION
The provisional K-wire fixation in trochanteric fracture treated with PFN had an advantage in preventing technical complications because it facilitates a nail insertion in ideal position.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Analysis of Low-Energy Trochanter Fracture Using the Multiplanar Computed Tomography Image: Application for Intramedullary Nail Fixation
    Gu-Hee Jung, Sung-Keun Heo, Hyun-Je Seo
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2015; 28(3): 155.     CrossRef
  • Morbidity and Mortality of the Elderly after Early Operation for Trochanteric Fractures
    Se-Ang Jang, Young-Ho Cho, Young-Soo Byun, Ki-Hong Park, Hyun-Seong Yoo, Chul Jung
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(3): 199.     CrossRef
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The PFNA Nail for Pertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur without Fracture Table
Jeoung Ho Kim, Sang Hong Lee, Kwang Chul Lee, Sung Won Cho
J Korean Fract Soc 2011;24(3):217-222.   Published online July 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2011.24.3.217
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of intertrochanteric fractures treatment with proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) without using fracture tables and thereby prevent complications.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty cases of intertrochanteric fracture of 39 patients that were treated with PFNA without using fracture tables between January 2008 to December 2009 were analyzed. There were 13 males and 27 females. The mean age was 76 years old. Using AO classification, 6 cases were A1, 25 cases were A2 and 9 cases were A3. The operation was done without using fracture tables at supine position. Operation time, intraoperative bleeding were checked. For the result, Cleveland index, tip apex distance, fracture site sliding rate, change of femur neck and shaft angle were evaluated. Bone union time and complications were also estimated from the follow up radiograph. Statistics were analyzed using Independent T-test.
RESULTS
The mean operation time was 40 minutes (25 to 70 minutes) and mean intraoperative bleeding was 113 cc (40 to 250 cc). The Cleveland index was shown 94% of 5, 6, 8 and 9 zone, the tip apex distance was 12.96 mm (6 to 22 mm), the fracture sliding distance was 1.9 mm (0 to 6 mm), the change of femur neck and shaft angle was 2.5 degree (0~10 degree) and the average bone union time was 15 weeks (8 to 24 weeks). The complication include 2 cases of delayed union and 2 cases of varus deformities.
CONCLUSION
We have shortened the operation time by closed reduction methods without using the fracture tables, and the complication were minimized with using simple tools like a reduction forcep or bone hook at PFNA blade insertion.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Clinical and Radiologic Outcome of Intertrochanteric Fracture Treatment Using TFNA (Trochanteric Fixation Nail-Advanced)
    Hyeon Joon Lee, Hyun Bai Choi, Ba Rom Kim, Seung Hwan Jo, Sang Hong Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2021; 34(3): 105.     CrossRef
  • The Treatment of Subtrochanteric Fractures with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation
    Chi Hyoung Pak, Sang Hong Lee, Sang Ho Ha, Gwang Chul Lee, Kyoung Chul Song
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(4): 284.     CrossRef
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Comparison of the Compression Hip Screw (CHS) and the Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) for Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture
Jong Min Lim, Jeung Il Kim, Jong Seok Oh, Kuen Tak Suh, Jae Min Ahn, Dong Joon Kang
J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(4):360-366.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.4.360
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To evaluate the radiologic, clinical results between who had intertrochanteric fracture, treated with Compression Hip Screw (CHS) and Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed each 36 and 48 patients of intertrochanteric fracture which were treated with CHS or PFNA by one surgeon from January 2005 to June 2009. We evaluated mean operation time, amount of bleeding, radiologic results, and the clinical outcomes with the mobility score of Parker and Palmer, social function scoring system.
RESULTS
The mean operation time, amount of bleeding were less in the PFNA group, there were 116.7 min, 486.1 ml for the CHS group versus 87.7 min, 289.6 ml for the PFNA group. The radiologic results were not significantly different. Decrease of mobility score of Parker and Palmer, social function score were similar. Proximal migration of leg screw and perforation of femoral head was 2 case and deep infection was 1 cases in CHS group.
CONCLUSION
There were no significant differences that are clinical and radiological results in treatment of intertrochanteric fracture using the CHS and PFNA. But PFNA is less invasive device than CHS, therefore it may be useful device in elderly patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Chronic kidney disease patients with intertrochanteric fracture have a high mortality rate
    Tae Woo Kim, Sang-Min Lee, Nam Hoon Moon, Won Chul Shin
    Injury.2021; 52(8): 2350.     CrossRef
  • Comparison between the Results of Internal Fixation Using Proximal Femur Nail Anti-rotation and Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures of Elderly Patients
    Sung-Hwan Kim, Soo-Won Lee, Gyu-Min Kong, Mid-Um JeaGal
    Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(1): 45.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures Using Targon Proximal Femoral Nails
    Il Ho Park, Jong Kyoung Won, Kye Young Han
    Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(2): 117.     CrossRef
  • A Comparison of Intramedullary and Extramedullary Fixations for the Treatment of Reverse Oblique or Transverse Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures
    Yerl-Bo Sung, Jung-Yun Choi, Eui-Yub Jung
    Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(2): 109.     CrossRef
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Treatment of the Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation: Comparison with Compression Hip Screw with Trochanteric Stabilizing Plate
Tae Ho Kim, Jong Oh Kim, Seung Yup Lee, Geon Ung Yun
J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(4):353-359.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.4.353
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To evaluate the effectiveness of Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation (PFNA) for the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture comparing with Compression Hip Screw (CHS) with Trochanteric Stabilizing Plate (TSP).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
With clinical study, 43 patients who were treated surgically for unstable intertrochanteric fractures were retrospectively evaluated. One group was treated with CHS and TSP (Group 1, 22 cases) and the other was treated with PFNA (Group 2, 21 cases). By postoperative radiograph and last follow up radiograph we measured Tip-apex distance, Cleveland index, Lag screw slippage, Neck-shaft angle change and Union time. And By retrospective medical record review, the clinical results were evaluated with the operation time, intraoperative estimated blood loss, amount of drainage, amount of transfusion, walking ability change and complication.
RESULTS
There was a lower operation time, intraoperative estimated blood loss, amount of drainage, amount of transfusion, lag screw slippage and neck shaft angle change in the Group 2 than in the Group 1 (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
PFNA showed better results than CHS with TSP in operation time, estimated blood loss, amount of drainage and transfusion, lag screw slippage and neck-shaft angle change.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Results of Asian Type Gamma 3 Nail in Treatment of Trochanteric Fractures
    Bing Zhe Huang, Yong Wook Park, Jin Su Park, Kyu Cheol Noh, Soung Yon Kim, Kook Jin Chung, Hong Kyun Kim, Hyong Nyun Kim, Yong Hyun Yoon, Ji Hyo Hwang
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(3): 213.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Study of Intertrochanteric Fracture Treated with the Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-Rotation and the Third Generation of Gamma Nail
    Jae-Cheon Sim, Tae-Ho Kim, Ki-Do Hong, Sung-Sik Ha, Jong-Seong Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(1): 37.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Study of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation and Zimmer Natural Nail for the Treatment of Stable Intertrochanteric Fractures
    Jee-Hoon Kim, Oog-Jin Shon
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(4): 305.     CrossRef
  • A Comparison between Compression Hip Screw and Intramedullary Nail for the Treatment of AO/OTA A2.2 Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture
    Phil Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Jong Pil Kim, Young Sung Kim, Ho Min Lee, Jong Hyun Kim
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(1): 44.     CrossRef
  • The Treatment of Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation
    Jong Won Kim, Hyun Soo Park, Young Soo Jang, Jae Hyuk Choi, Sung Ju Bae, Chan Il Bae
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(4): 257.     CrossRef
  • Operative Treatment with Gamma 3 Nail in Femur Intertrochanteric Fracture
    Ki-Do Hong, Jae-Chun Sim, Sung-Sik Ha, Tae-Ho Kim, Yoon-Ho Choi, Jong-Hyun Kim
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 7.     CrossRef
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Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation versus Compression Hip Screw with Trochanter Stabilizing Plate for Unstable Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures
Jae Young Rho, Sang Bum Kim, Youn Moo Heo, Seong Jin Cho, Dong Sik Chae, Woo Suk Lee
J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(2):161-166.   Published online April 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.2.161
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To analyze and compare the clinical and radiologic results of treatments in unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur with proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and compression hip screw with trochanter stabilizing plate (CHS with TSP).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the results of 66 cases of unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur treated with PFNA (Group I) and CHS with TSP (Group II) which could be followed up for minimum a year. We evaluated several comparative factors such as operation time, blood loss, time to bone union, changes in neck-shaft angle, sliding of screw (or blade), complications, postoperative pain, social-function score of Jensen, and mobility score of Parker and Palmer.
RESULTS
Group I showed shorter operation time and less blood loss with significance than group II (p<0.05), but there were no differences between the groups in the mean time to bone union, changes in neck-shaft angle, sliding of screw (or blade), complications, postoperative pain, and social-function score of Jensen (p>0.05). Two cases of cutting out of the blade through the femoral head were found in group I. One case of cutting out of the screw, one case of the breakage of the plate, and loosening of the plate were found in group II as complications.
CONCLUSION
We think that there were no significant differences between PFNA and CHS with TSP in view point of radiologic and clinical outcomes in unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur, but PFNA is less invasive device than CHS with TSP, therefore it may be useful device in elderly patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Results of Use of Compression Hip Screw with Trochanter Stabilizing Plate for Reverse Oblique Intertrochanteric Fracture
    Byung-Woo Min, Kyung-Jae Lee, Gyo-Wook Kim, Ki-Cheor Bae, Si-Wook Lee, Du-Han Kim
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(2): 120.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of the Valgus Reduction Technique in Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures Using Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation
    Ji-Kang Park, Hyun-Chul Shon, Yong-Min Kim, Eui-Sung Choi, Dong-Soo Kim, Kyoung-Jin Park, Byung-Ki Cho, Jung-Kwon Cha, Sang-Woo Kang
    Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2013; 48(6): 441.     CrossRef
  • A Comparison of Intramedullary and Extramedullary Fixations for the Treatment of Reverse Oblique or Transverse Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures
    Yerl-Bo Sung, Jung-Yun Choi, Eui-Yub Jung
    Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(2): 109.     CrossRef
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Helical Blade versus Lag Screw for Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture
Kwang Jun Oh, Sung Tae Lee, Suk Ha Lee, Jin Ho Hwang, Min Suk Kang
J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(1):6-12.   Published online January 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.1.6
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To evaluate the radiographic and functional outcomes between who had unstable intertrochanteric fracture, treated with the ITST (lag screw design) and the PFNA (helical blade design).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We selected each 17 and 13 patients of unstable intertrochanteric fracture which were treated with ITST or PFNA from April 2005 to December 2008. We evaluated the radiographic results by follow-up radiography and the clinical outcomes with the mobility score of Parker and Palmer, Social function scoring system.
RESULTS
The mean sliding distance of cervical screw with ITST nails was not shown significant differences than with using PFNA nails. The other factors were not statistically different. Decrease of mobility score of Parker and Palmer, Social function score were similar. 2 cases of cutting out was noted with ITST nails and 1 case of cutting out was noted with PFNA nails.
CONCLUSION
Unlike the existed biomechanical reposts, there are no differences that are clinical and radiological results in treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture using the ITST nails and PFNA nails.

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  • Does the Helical Blade Lead to Higher Rates of Fixation Failure as Compared to Lag Screw in the Cephalomedullary Nailing Treatment of Hip Fractures? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Chul-Ho Kim, Han Soul Kim, Yong-Chan Kim, Dou Hyun Moon
    Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma.2021; 35(8): 401.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Study of Intertrochanteric Fracture Treated with the Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-Rotation and the Third Generation of Gamma Nail
    Jae-Cheon Sim, Tae-Ho Kim, Ki-Do Hong, Sung-Sik Ha, Jong-Seong Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(1): 37.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures Using Targon Proximal Femoral Nails
    Il Ho Park, Jong Kyoung Won, Kye Young Han
    Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(2): 117.     CrossRef
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Treatment of the Proximal Femoral Fractures with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA)
Myung Sik Park, Young Jin Lim, Young Sin Kim, Kyu Hyung Kim, Hong Man Cho
J Korean Fract Soc 2009;22(2):91-97.   Published online April 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2009.22.2.91
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To analyze the clinical and radiologic results of treatments in proximal femoral fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail-Antirotation (PFNA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the results of 21 cases of proximal femoral fracture treated with PFNA from September 2006 to October 2007 which could be followed up for minimum of more than a year. The mean age was 61.5 (20~88) years old. Male were involved in 12 cases, female in 9 cases. The mean follow up was 14.3 (12~18) months. The Garden alignment index, Cleveland index, tip apex distance were evaluated by post-operative radiologic evaluation and complications of bone union, failure of internal fixation and deformity were evaluated by follow up radiologic findings. Clinical results were assessed by social function score of Jensen and mobility score of Parker and Palmer at last follow up.
RESULTS
All fractures were united and the mean time to bone union was 15.7 (13~18) weeks. Garden alignment index showed good results of above 'good' in 15 cases (71.4%), Cleveland index showed 14 cases (66.4%) positioning in zone 5 and tip apex distance showed 17.81 (+/-5.65~27.52) mm in radiologic findings. The mean sliding of blade was 1.32 (0.34~2.94) mm in follow up radiologic findings and fracture of distal locking screw area was found in 1 case as a complication. Among 21 cases, the function before injury was completely recovered in 15 cases (71.4%) which were assessed by social function score of Jensen and 13 cases (61.9%) by mobility score of Parker and Palmer.
CONCLUSION
We think that PFNA is effective osteosynthetic device for proximal femur fracture with satisfactory radiologic and clinical outcomes.

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  • Clinical and radiological outcome of the Chimaera short nailing system in inter- and subtrochanteric fractures
    Aurélien Traverso, Trieu-Hoai-Nam Ngo, Guillem Fernandez Gil, Xavier Lannes, Sylvain Steinmetz, Kevin Moerenhout
    Injury.2023; 54(3): 970.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Study of Intertrochanteric Fracture Treated with the Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-Rotation and the Third Generation of Gamma Nail
    Jae-Cheon Sim, Tae-Ho Kim, Ki-Do Hong, Sung-Sik Ha, Jong-Seong Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(1): 37.     CrossRef
  • The Treatment of Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation
    Jong Won Kim, Hyun Soo Park, Young Soo Jang, Jae Hyuk Choi, Sung Ju Bae, Chan Il Bae
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(4): 257.     CrossRef
  • Cementless Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty Using a Rectangular Cross-section Stem for Type A2 or above Intertrochanteric Fractures
    Bong-Ju Park, Hong-Man Cho, Cheol Park, Hwang-Se Bong
    Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(3): 222.     CrossRef
  • Hip Arthroplasty for Failed Internal Fixation of Intertrochanteric Fractures
    Ju-Oh Kim, Hong-Man Cho, Cheol Park, Ju-Hyun Sim
    Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(2): 94.     CrossRef
  • Anatomical Measurement of Normal Korean Proximal Femur Using Plain Radiography: A Problem when using Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation
    Jong-Seok Park, Woo-Jong Kim, Jae-Wan Soh, Byung-Woong Jang, Tae-Heon Kim, You-Sung Suh
    Hip & Pelvis.2011; 23(4): 303.     CrossRef
  • The PFNA Nail for Pertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur without Fracture Table
    Jeoung Ho Kim, Sang Hong Lee, Kwang Chul Lee, Sung Won Cho
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(3): 217.     CrossRef
  • PFNA and PFN in Intertrochanteric Fractures - Comparison Study of Sliding -
    Suk Kyu Choo, Hyoung Keun Oh, Jun Young Choi
    Hip & Pelvis.2010; 22(1): 79.     CrossRef
  • Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation versus Compression Hip Screw with Trochanter Stabilizing Plate for Unstable Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures
    Jae-Young Rho, Sang-Bum Kim, Youn-Moo Heo, Seong-Jin Cho, Dong-Sik Chae, Woo-Suk Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(2): 161.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of the Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation: Comparison with Compression Hip Screw with Trochanteric Stabilizing Plate
    Tae-Ho Kim, Jong-Oh Kim, Seung-Yup Lee, Geon-Ung Yun
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(4): 353.     CrossRef
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Classification and Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture according to the Existence of Posterior Fragment : Preliminary Report
Lih Wang, Sung Keun Shon, Kyu Yeol Lee, Chul Hong Kim, Myung Jin Lee, Chul Won Lee, Sung Soo Kim
J Korean Fract Soc 2008;21(2):110-116.   Published online April 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2008.21.2.110
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To predict the feature and stability of intertrochanteric fractures with posterior fragment using preoperative 3D computed tomography and to investigate the importance of the posterior fragment in treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
15 cases of unstable fractures with posterior fragment which were treated with nail only between October 2006 to August 2007 were classified into 2 groups: study group (5 cases with cannulated screw fixation of posterior fragment) and control group (10 cases without cannulated screw fixation). The average difference of neck-shaft angle, neck screw sliding distance and the complications in the two groups were compared retrospectively after a follow up of at least 3 months.
RESULTS
The average difference of neck-shaft angle in study and control group was 3.8 and 7.5 degree (p>0.05), respectively. The average difference of neck screw sliding distance was 1.6 and 6.6 mm (p<0.05), respectively. Complication which required reoperation was not noted in study group and complications of 3 cases about neck screw lateral protrusion, proximal migration and Z-effect phenomenon were noted in control group.
CONCLUSION
The recognition and fixation of the posterior wall was found to be an important predictive factor in unstable intertrochanteric fracture treatment.

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  • Outcomes of dynamic hip screw augmented with trochanteric wiring for treatment of unstable type A2 intertrochanteric femur fractures
    Chetan Puram, Chetan Pradhan, Atul Patil, Vivek Sodhai, Parag Sancheti, Ashok Shyam
    Injury.2017; 48: S72.     CrossRef
  • Additional Fixations for Sliding Hip Screws in Treating Unstable Pertrochanteric Femoral Fractures (AO Type 31-A2): Short-Term Clinical Results
    Su Hyun Cho, Soo Ho Lee, Hyung Lae Cho, Jung Hoei Ku, Jae Hyuk Choi, Alex J Lee
    Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery.2011; 3(2): 107.     CrossRef
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Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail
Dae Joong Kim, Sung Chan Ki, Young Yool Chung
J Korean Fract Soc 2007;20(1):40-44.   Published online January 31, 2007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2007.20.1.40
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of proximal femoral nail for intertrochanteric fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From June 2001 to March 2005, 45 intertrochanteric fractures were treated with a proximal femoral nail for intertrochanteric fracture and followed-up at least one year. The average age was 71.3 years (34~91 years). The causes of fracture were slip down in 38 cases and fall down in 7 cases. Fractures were classified with AO classification; 20 cases in type A1, 22 cases in type A2 and 3 cases in type A3. Antirotational pin was used in 25 of 45 fractures according to fracture stability. Radiological result was determined with a union. Walking ability was evaluated in the last follow-up.
RESULTS
The fractures were fixed in anatomical position in 36 cases, in valgus position in 3 cases and varus position in 6 cases. Union was occurred in 43 of 45 cases. The sliding distance of lag screw was an average of 5.63 mm and it had no association with fracture type, TAD, usage of antirational screw, usage of distal screw and BMD. Twenty-six of 45 patients (57.7%) were recovered to pre-injury state of walking ability. Complications were occurred in 3 patients (6%).
CONCLUSION
Proximal femoral nail was a useful instrument for all type intertrochanteric fractures, but antirotational pin was not necessary in the stable type A1 intertrochnatirc fractures.

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  • Cementless Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty for Unstable Intertrochanteic Fractures in the Elderly
    Byung-Hak Kim, Young-Yool Chung, Sung-Chang Ki, Dae-Hyun Yoon, Ji-Hoon Ryu
    Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2011; 46(5): 399.     CrossRef
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Complications of Femoral Pertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)
Kee Byoung Lee, Byung Taek Lee
J Korean Fract Soc 2007;20(1):33-39.   Published online January 31, 2007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2007.20.1.33
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
We analyzed the complications of femoral pertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nail (PFN®) to reduce the its complications.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We evaluated the complications among 198 patients who were treated with PFN® from June 2001 to August 2005 in our hospital.
RESULTS
The complications were presented in 28 cases (14.1%). Cut-out of lag screw was in 1 case, cut-out of lag screw and antirotation screw were in 3 cases, cut-out of antirotation screw in 3 cases, of these femoral head fracture was in 1 case. Femoral neck fracture in 1 case, Osteonecrosis of femoral head in 1 case, cortical fracture during the insertion of distal interlocking screw in 1 case, breakage of drill bit intraoperatively in 1 case, fibrous union in 2 case, thigh skin irritation due to screw back-out in 3 cases, periprosthetic fractures in 2 cases, varus collapse more than 10 degrees in 4 cases, superficial and deep infections in 3 cases, breakage of nail in 1 case, varus collapse after PFN removal in 1 case, persistent thigh pain in 1 case. Of all these cases, 9 cases (4.5%) were required reoperation with general or spinal anesthesia. Complications related with screws or fracture reduction were 19 cases (9.6%) and, of these, 17 cases (89.5%) showed increased TAD (tip apex distance) or nonanatomical reduction.
CONCLUSION
To reduce the complications of PFN®, we need to exact surgical technique and anatomical reduction and consider the modification of implant design to prevent of cut-out of screws.

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    Dimitrios Papanikolopoulos, Christos Kalligeros, Apostolos Polyzos, Vasileios Spitas, Vasileios Soranoglou
    Cureus.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical and radiological outcomes of patients treated with the talon distalfix proximal femoral nail for intertrochanteric femur fractures
    Furkan Yapici, Hanifi Ucpunar, Yalkin Camurcu, Necati Emirhan, Oguzhan Tanoglu, Ismail Tardus
    Injury.2020; 51(4): 1045.     CrossRef
  • Implant Fracture Analysis of the TFNA Proximal Femoral Nail
    Anton Lambers, Bertram Rieger, Alan Kop, Peter D’Alessandro, Piers Yates
    Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.2019; 101(9): 804.     CrossRef
  • Radiographic Outcomes of Osteosynthesis Using Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) System in Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture: Has PFNA II Solved All the Problems?
    Won Chul Shin, Jung Dong Seo, Sang Min Lee, Nam Hoon Moon, Jung Sub Lee, Kuen Tak Suh
    Hip & Pelvis.2017; 29(2): 104.     CrossRef
  • Avascular necrosis of the femoral head following trochanteric fractures in adults: A systematic review
    Antonio Barquet, Gabriel Mayora, Joao Matheus Guimaraes, Roberto Suárez, Peter V. Giannoudis
    Injury.2014; 45(12): 1848.     CrossRef
  • Anatomical Measurement of Normal Korean Proximal Femur Using Plain Radiography: A Problem when using Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation
    Jong-Seok Park, Woo-Jong Kim, Jae-Wan Soh, Byung-Woong Jang, Tae-Heon Kim, You-Sung Suh
    Hip & Pelvis.2011; 23(4): 303.     CrossRef
  • PFNA and PFN in Intertrochanteric Fractures - Comparison Study of Sliding -
    Suk Kyu Choo, Hyoung Keun Oh, Jun Young Choi
    Hip & Pelvis.2010; 22(1): 79.     CrossRef
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A Comparative Study of Trochanteric Fractures Treated with the Intertrochanteric/subtrochanteric Fixation or the Proximal Femoral Nail
Oog Jin Sohn, Sae Dong Kim, In Whan Kim, Seong Joon Byun
J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(3):303-308.   Published online July 31, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.3.303
AbstractAbstract
PURPOSE
To evaluate the radiographic, clinical results and the complications between who had intertrochanteric fracture, treated with the ITST or the PFN.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We selected each 30 patients of intertrochanteric fracture which were treated with ITST or PFN from July 2002 to November 2005. We evaluated the radiographic results by follow-up radiography and the clinical results with the mobility score of Parker and Palmer, Salvati and Wilson hip function scoring system and Jensen index.
RESULTS
The mean distance of lag screw sliding was 4.1 mm at the ITST group and 6.6 mm at the PFN group. Decrease of mobility score of Parker and Palmer, Salvati and Wilson hip function score were similar. Patients complaint pain over lateral thigh area in 5 cases (ITST group) and 8 cases (PFN group).
CONCLUSION
The ITST nail and PFN were seen good results in treatment of stable and unstable intertrochanteric fracture.

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  • Treatment of Unstable Pertrochanteric Fractures with a Long Intramedullary Nail
    Phil Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Jong Pil Kim, Young Sung Kim, Ho Min Lee, Dae Jung Huh
    Hip & Pelvis.2013; 25(1): 51.     CrossRef
  • Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Subtrochanteric Femoral Fractures
    Chang-Wug Oh
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(2): 123.     CrossRef
  • The Comparison between ITST™ (Intertrochanteric/Subtrochanteric) & DHS (Dynamic Hip Screw) in Unstable Femur Intertrochanteric Fracture
    Ho-Seung Jeon, Byung-Mun Park, Kyung-Sub Song, Hyung-Gyu Kim, Jong-Ju Yun
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(3): 131.     CrossRef
  • Comparison Study of Intertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Intertrochanteric/subtrochanteric Fixation with a Standard vs a Mini-incision
    Se Dong Kim, Oog Jin Sohn, Jae Ho Cho
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Senile Osteoporotic Intertrochanteric Fracture using Proximal Femoral Nail
    Dong-Hui Kim, Sang-Hong Lee, Young-Lae Moon, Jun-Young Lee, Kun-Sang Song
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(3): 215.     CrossRef
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The Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanter Fracutures of Femur: Comparison between Proximal Femoral Nail and Dynamic Hip Screw
Kyun Chul Kim, Hun Kyu Shin, Kyung Mo Son, Chun Seok Ko
J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(4):369-374.   Published online October 31, 2005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.4.369
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To analyze the results between PFN (Proximal Femoral Nail) and DHS (Dynamic Hip Screw) on the operative treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures retrospectively.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
35 cases of unstable intertrochanteric fractures (grouped 24 patients with DHS and 11 patients with PFN) who were taken the operations from Jan. 2001 to Mar. 2002 were analysed regarding to union state, union time, operation time, sliding length of lag screws, blood loss, postoperative complications and functional recovery scores by Sk?vron with ANOVA and multivariate linear regression.
RESULTS
The means of union time were 17.9 weeks (DHS) and 17.0 weeks (PFN), sliding length of lag screws were 3.9 mm (DHS) and 2.1 mm (PFN), perioperative blood losses were 743 cc (DHS) and 736 cc (PFN), operation time were 93.4 minutes (DHS) and 102 minutes (PFN), and the functional recovery scores by Sk?vron were 71.8% (DHS) and 76.8% (PFN), respectively. The results of our study indicate that there were not statistically significant differences between PFN and DHS groups in treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures (p>0.05). But, there was less sliding of lag screws in PFN group in statistical significance (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Authors think that PFN is one of the useful implants in treating unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur in regarding to sliding.

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    Jae-Hwi Nho, Gi-Won Seo, Tae Wook Kang, Byung-Woong Jang, Jong-Seok Park, You-Sung Suh
    Hip & Pelvis.2023; 35(2): 99.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the Gamma Nail and the Dynamic Hip Screw for Peritrochanteric Fracture
    Seok Hyun Kweon
    Hip & Pelvis.2011; 23(2): 124.     CrossRef
  • The Efficiency of Additional Fixation of the Alternative Bone Substitute in Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures of Femur Treated with Gamma Nail
    Jong-Oh Kim, Young-One Ko, Mi-Hyun Song
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 1.     CrossRef
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Nailing in the Patients with Intertrochanteric Fractures of the Femur: Comparision Gamma Nail and Proximal Femoral Nail
Sang Bong Ko, Myung Rae Cho, Tae Hoon Kim, Il Woong Chang
J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(4):295-300.   Published online October 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.4.295
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical and radiologic results of the fracture fixation using the Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) or Gamma nail in patient with the intertrochanteric fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 1999 to February 2002, we reviewed 63 patients of intertrochanteric fractures including 31 patients managed with Gamma nail and 32 patients with PFN. In variate analysis of age, the pattern and stability of fracture, bone density (Singh index), preoperative patient activity, there was no difference between two groups. We evaluated the operation time, blood loss, stable reduction rate and varus reduction rate as operation-related factors, and radiologically investigated union time, the frequency of delayed union and nonunion, failure of fixation, status of the fracture line and complications. Functional results were evaluated by the possibility of early ambulation, ambulation ability at last follow up, and the pre and postoperative difference of ambulatory ability.
RESULTS
Mean operation time was 103+/-40 minutes in Gamma nail group and 101+/-28 minutes in PFN group. It was not statistically significant (p=0.801). Even though intraoperative blood loss was less in PFN group, it was not significant (p=0.601). Postoperative stable reduction rate was 31% in Gamma nail group and 30% in PFN group (p=0.934), suggesting not significant. Postoperative varus reduction and impacted amount of the fracture line was not significant. Delayed union developed in one case of Gamma nail group and 2 cases of PFN group. Mean loss of ambulation ability was 1.28 grade in Gamma nail group and 0.86 grade in PFN group (p=0.383). Statistical analysis was performed with the use of Student T test and Chi-square test. Analyses resulting in a p value of <0.05 were considered to show significance.
CONCLUSION
Generally, the radiologic and clinical results of intertrochanteric fractures were comparable for the PFN group and Gamma nail group. Even though it was not statistically significant, PFN group had superior results in operation time and blood loss than Gamma nail group for the fixation of the patients with intertrochanteric fracture.

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  • Treatment of Unstable Pertrochanteric Fractures with a Long Intramedullary Nail
    Phil Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Jong Pil Kim, Young Sung Kim, Ho Min Lee, Dae Jung Huh
    Hip & Pelvis.2013; 25(1): 51.     CrossRef
  • Hemiarthroplasty for Hip Fractures in Elderly Patients over 80 Years Old - Comparative Analysis between Femoral Neck Fracture and Intertrochanteric Fracture -
    Chae-Hyun Lim, Young-Yool Chung, Jeong-Seok Kim, Chung-Young Kim
    Hip & Pelvis.2013; 25(1): 44.     CrossRef
  • Cementless Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty for Unstable Intertrochanteic Fractures in the Elderly
    Byung-Hak Kim, Young-Yool Chung, Sung-Chang Ki, Dae-Hyun Yoon, Ji-Hoon Ryu
    Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2011; 46(5): 399.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail
    Dae Joong Kim, Sung Chan Ki, Young Yool Chung
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 40.     CrossRef
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Case Report
Pseudoaneurysm of Superficial Femoral Artery Following Proximal Femoral Nail Fixation
Hyung Ku Yoon, Byung Kuk Kim, Dong Eun Shin, Man Deuk Kim, Ji Hoon Chang
J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(3):221-223.   Published online July 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.3.221
AbstractAbstract PDF
Pseudoaneurysm of the femoral artery is a rare complication following the fixation of the fracture of proximal femur or protruded bony fragment and reports injuring on superficial femoral artery is very rare compared to deep femoral artery complicated by the insertion of distal interlocking screw. The chance of injuring superficial femoral artery may increase by deep insertion of drill bit or the repetitive arterial pulsation on prominent distal interlocking screw tip during the perioperative period. Authors experienced one case of injury on the superficial femoral artery postoperative 42 hours followed by the use of proximal femoral nail advocated by the AO group recently and would like to call attention upon the possibilities of vessel injury complicated with the use of the distal interlocking screw.

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    Won-Chul Cho, Chong Bin Park, Young-Jun Choi, Hyun-Il Lee, Hee-Jae Won, Jae-Kwang Hwang
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2016; 29(2): 137.     CrossRef
  • Proximal femoral fractures and vascular injuries in adults: Incidence, aetiology and outcomes
    Antonio Barquet, Andrés Gelink, Peter V. Giannoudis
    Injury.2015; 46(12): 2297.     CrossRef
  • Delayed Pseudoaneurysm of the Femoral Artery after Intramedullary Nailing of a Femur Shaft Fracture
    Hyun Cheol Oh, Jae Wan Suh, Dae Kyung Kwak, Han Kook Yoon
    Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2013; 48(3): 240.     CrossRef
  • Diagnosis and Treatment for Delayed Pseudoaneurysm of Deep Femoral Artery - A Case Report -
    Seok-Hyun Lee, Ji-Hyun Ahn
    The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2008; 43(1): 118.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) for the Treatment of the Femoral Trochanteric Fracture
Seong Jun Ahn, Jong Hoon Park
J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(1):7-12.   Published online January 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.1.7
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
We report our experience of treatment of peritrochanteric fractures with newly designed proximal femoral nail.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We have studied 24 cases of the peritrochanteric fractures using PFN between Jun. 2001 and Aug. 2002 excluding 3 cases (1 case expired due to ARF and pulmonary complication, 2 cases were loss of follow-up). The mean age was 69.6 years and the mean duration of follow-up was 12 months.
RESULTS
The mean medial cortical displacement of postoperative roentgenogram was 4.6mm, the mean anterior cortical displacement of postoperative roentgenogram was 4.1 mm, the mean degree of sliding of lag screw between postoperative and last follow-up roentgenogram was 1.2 mm. Neck-shaft angle was average 3.3degrees varus angulation (from postoperative average 131.1degrees to last follow-up average 127.8degrees). Allowed to begin weight-bearing at 1 week postoperatively, the mean union time was 10 weeks and all cases showed bony union and there were no evidence of delayed union or nonunion. Perioperatve complications were pulmonary embolism, DVT, varus deformity, 2 thigh pains, and so on.
CONCLUSION
We obtained satisfactory results in treatment of the femoral trochanteric fractures using PFN in point of early ambulation, excellent union rate and minimal complication.

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  • Results of the Proximal Femoral Nail-Antirotation (PFNA) in Patients with an Unstable Pertrochanteric Fracture
    Yerl-Bo Sung, Sung-Il Jo
    The Journal of the Korean Hip Society.2011; 23(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation and Proximal Femoral Nail in Intertrochanteric Fractures
    Sung Soo Kim, Chul Hong Kim, Jin Hun Kang, Dong Hoon Han, Yong Seung O
    Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2011; 46(5): 392.     CrossRef
  • The Comparison between ITST™ (Intertrochanteric/Subtrochanteric) & DHS (Dynamic Hip Screw) in Unstable Femur Intertrochanteric Fracture
    Ho-Seung Jeon, Byung-Mun Park, Kyung-Sub Song, Hyung-Gyu Kim, Jong-Ju Yun
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(3): 131.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of the Proximal Femoral Fractures with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA)
    Myung-Sik Park, Young-Jin Lim, Young-Sin Kim, Kyu-Hyung Kim, Hong-Man Cho
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(2): 91.     CrossRef
  • Operative Treatment with ITST in Femur Trochanteric Fracture
    Ki-Do Hong, Jae-Chun Sim, Sung-Sik Ha, Jae-Young Kim, Jung-Ho Kang, Kwang-Hee Park
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(4): 274.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture: Comparison of Proximal Femoral Nail and Proximal Femoral Nail A
    Jung Ho Park, Jong Woong Park, Joon Ho Wang, Jae Wook Lee, Jung Il Lee, Jae Gyoon Kim
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(2): 103.     CrossRef
  • Comparison Study of Intertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Intertrochanteric/subtrochanteric Fixation with a Standard vs a Mini-incision
    Se Dong Kim, Oog Jin Sohn, Jae Ho Cho
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Complications of Femoral Pertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)
    Kee-Byoung Lee, Byung-Taek Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 33.     CrossRef
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Treatment of Femoral Intertrochanteric Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail
Bum Soo Kim, Sogu Lew, Sang Hun Ko, Sung Do Cho, Jeung Hun Yang, Moon Su Park
J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(1):1-6.   Published online January 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.1.1
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To evaluate the usefulness of proximal femoral nail in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The authors investigated the classificaton of fracture, operation time, the amount of intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, the amount of transfusion, postoperative ambulation status, bone union time and the complication among 45 cases who were treated with proximal femoral nail from Jan. 2001 to June 2002.
RESULTS
The mean operation time was 116 minutes, and the amount of bleeding was 524 ml in average. The amount of intraoperative transfusion was 1.4 pints and that of postoperative transfusion was 1.1 pints. The complications were the intraoperative penetration of antirotational screw through the femoral neck in 2 cases, separation of the fracture fragment while inserting the nail in 4 cases, irritation of skin by retropulsion of antirotation screw in 2 cases, and penetration of antirotation screw through femoral head in 1 case.
CONCLUSION
Proximal femoral nail was effective for the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture, however the surgeon should be carful about collision of the insertion handle against pelvis when the fracture line coincides with the insertion point of nail, especially in obese patients.

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  • Hemiarthroplasty for Hip Fractures in Elderly Patients over 80 Years Old - Comparative Analysis between Femoral Neck Fracture and Intertrochanteric Fracture -
    Chae-Hyun Lim, Young-Yool Chung, Jeong-Seok Kim, Chung-Young Kim
    Hip & Pelvis.2013; 25(1): 44.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures Using Targon Proximal Femoral Nails
    Il Ho Park, Jong Kyoung Won, Kye Young Han
    Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(2): 117.     CrossRef
  • Results of the Proximal Femoral Nail-Antirotation (PFNA) in Patients with an Unstable Pertrochanteric Fracture
    Yerl-Bo Sung, Sung-Il Jo
    The Journal of the Korean Hip Society.2011; 23(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the Compression Hip Screw (CHS) and the Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) for Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture
    Jong Min Lim, Jeung Il Kim, Jong Seok Oh, Kuen Tak Suh, Jae Min Ahn, Dong Joon Kang
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(4): 360.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture: Comparison of Proximal Femoral Nail and Proximal Femoral Nail A
    Jung Ho Park, Jong Woong Park, Joon Ho Wang, Jae Wook Lee, Jung Il Lee, Jae Gyoon Kim
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(2): 103.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail
    Dae Joong Kim, Sung Chan Ki, Young Yool Chung
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 40.     CrossRef
  • Complications of Femoral Pertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)
    Kee-Byoung Lee, Byung-Taek Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 33.     CrossRef
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The Result of Proximal Femoral Nailing (PFN(R)) for Unstable Femoral Peritrochanteric Fracture
Seung Yong Lee, In Heon Park, Kyung Won Song, Sung Il Shin, Jin Young Lee, Jeong Hun Cha
J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(2):143-147.   Published online April 30, 2003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.2.143
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
We have used the proximal femoral nailing (PFN(R)) to evaluate the result of treatment for unstable femoral peritrochanteric fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From December 2000 to December 2001, 20 patients who had femoral peritrochanteric fracture were treated with proximal femoral nail (PFN(R)) in our hospital. The mean duration of follow-up was 16.8 months and average age was 58.7 years old. We evaluated the ambulation time, bone union time, neck-shaft angle, neck screw sliding by follow-up radiography, and studied the intra-operative and post-operative complication.
RESULTS
The average ambulation time was 3.8 days, the mean bone union time was 20.9 weeks, the mean neck shaft angle was 130.2 degree at post-operative time and 128.8 degree at last follow-up time, and the average neck screw sliding distance was 4.1 mm. The intra-operative complication was rotation of proximal fracture fragment in 1 case and displacement of femoral greater trochanter in 2 cases at proximal reaming, and displacement of proximal fracture fragment in 1 case at femoral stem insertion. The post-operative complication was coxa vara deformity in 2 cases and superficial wound infection in 1 case.
CONCLUSION
We have conclude that the proximal femoral nail (PFN(R)) could appropriately treat the unstable femoral peritrochanteric fracture and we obtained satisfactory results.

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  • Treatment of Unstable Pertrochanteric Fractures with a Long Intramedullary Nail
    Phil Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Jong Pil Kim, Young Sung Kim, Ho Min Lee, Dae Jung Huh
    Hip & Pelvis.2013; 25(1): 51.     CrossRef
  • Operative Treatment with ITST in Femur Trochanteric Fracture
    Ki-Do Hong, Jae-Chun Sim, Sung-Sik Ha, Jae-Young Kim, Jung-Ho Kang, Kwang-Hee Park
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(4): 274.     CrossRef
  • Comparison Study of Intertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Intertrochanteric/subtrochanteric Fixation with a Standard vs a Mini-incision
    Se Dong Kim, Oog Jin Sohn, Jae Ho Cho
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 1.     CrossRef
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Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture with the AO/ASIF Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)
Do Hyun Moon, Jang Seok Choi, Geon Beom Kim, Jin Won Kim, Ki Tae Kim
J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(2):136-142.   Published online April 30, 2003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.2.136
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To review the clinical and radiographic results of the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures with a proximal femoral nail (PFN).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed 47 unstable intertrochanteric femoral fracture cases that had been treated with a PFN operatively. The clinical and radiographic results and complications were analyzed. The mean age was 76.8 years old (62~96 years old) and the mean duration of follow-up was 15 months (12~24 months).
RESULTS
The postoperative walking ability was regarded as satisfactory when the patient could walk alone using an walking frame without others aids and satisfactory results was achieved in 43 cases (91.5%). In all cases the radiologic bone union was obtained. The average sliding of femoral neck screw was 3.0 mm and the average change of neck-shaft angle was 2.6 degree. There were three cases of postoperative complication which were including 1 case of cut-out of femoral neck screw, local superficial infection in 1 case and pain complaints over trochanteric area in 1 case.
CONCLUSION
The PFN is an useful implant for the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric femoral fracture because of the simplicity of the surgical technique and the low level of the complications encountered.

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  • Cementless Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty for Unstable Intertrochanteic Fractures in the Elderly
    Byung-Hak Kim, Young-Yool Chung, Sung-Chang Ki, Dae-Hyun Yoon, Ji-Hoon Ryu
    Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2011; 46(5): 399.     CrossRef
  • Comparison Study of Intertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Intertrochanteric/subtrochanteric Fixation with a Standard vs a Mini-incision
    Se Dong Kim, Oog Jin Sohn, Jae Ho Cho
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Complications of Femoral Pertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)
    Kee-Byoung Lee, Byung-Taek Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 33.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail
    Dae Joong Kim, Sung Chan Ki, Young Yool Chung
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 40.     CrossRef
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  • 4 Crossref
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The proximal femoral nail for intertrochanteric fracture of the femur
Young Wan Moon, Dong Hyun Suh, Shin Taeg Kang, Duck Joo Kwon, Yong Nam Ji, Kee Byoung Lee
J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(1):29-36.   Published online January 31, 2003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.1.29
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
To evaluate the treatment results of geriatric intertrochanteric fractures using a proximal femoral nail.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From April 2001 to Feburary 2002, 71 cases of the intertrochanteric fractures were treated with proximal femoral nail(PFN), more often in communited fractures involving lesser trochanter, transverse or reverse oblique intertrochanteric fracture. We evaluated the bone union time, neck-shaft angle, lag screw sliding by follow up radiographs, operation time, blood loss and complications.
RESULTS
The average age was 77.5 years old, the mean duration of follow-up was 9 months and the mean duration of bone union was 13.8 weeks. The average neck-shaft angle on immediate postop. x-ray was 131.9 +/-5.21 degrees and 129.9 +/-6.04 degrees at last follow up and the average lag screw sliding was 4.21 +/-4.13 mm. The average operation time was 61 minute and blood loss was 0.67 pints(134cc). Intraoperative complications were inadequate reduction in one case, difficulty in distal transfixing in one case and drill bit failure in one case and postoperative complications were loss of neck-shaft angle (more than 5 degree) in 12 cases, femur neck fracture in 2 cases and intraarticular cutting out of femur neck screw in one case.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of the proximal femoral nail could be appropriate for the fixation of communited or reverse oblique intertrochanteric fracture in elderly, osteoporotic patients for early ambulation, preventing shortening and rotation deformity, and reducing operation time and blood loss.

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  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures Using the Compression Hip Nail
    Je-Min Yi, Kye Young Han, Keun Woo Kim, Chang Hyun Ryu
    Hip & Pelvis.2014; 26(3): 166.     CrossRef
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    Il Ho Park, Jong Kyoung Won, Kye Young Han
    Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(2): 117.     CrossRef
  • Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation and Proximal Femoral Nail in Intertrochanteric Fractures
    Sung Soo Kim, Chul Hong Kim, Jin Hun Kang, Dong Hoon Han, Yong Seung O
    Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2011; 46(5): 392.     CrossRef
  • Results of the Proximal Femoral Nail-Antirotation (PFNA) in Patients with an Unstable Pertrochanteric Fracture
    Yerl-Bo Sung, Sung-Il Jo
    The Journal of the Korean Hip Society.2011; 23(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the Compression Hip Screw (CHS) and the Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) for Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture
    Jong Min Lim, Jeung Il Kim, Jong Seok Oh, Kuen Tak Suh, Jae Min Ahn, Dong Joon Kang
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(4): 360.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of the Proximal Femoral Fractures with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA)
    Myung-Sik Park, Young-Jin Lim, Young-Sin Kim, Kyu-Hyung Kim, Hong-Man Cho
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(2): 91.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture: Comparison of Proximal Femoral Nail and Proximal Femoral Nail A
    Jung Ho Park, Jong Woong Park, Joon Ho Wang, Jae Wook Lee, Jung Il Lee, Jae Gyoon Kim
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(2): 103.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail
    Dae Joong Kim, Sung Chan Ki, Young Yool Chung
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 40.     CrossRef
  • Complications of Femoral Pertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)
    Kee-Byoung Lee, Byung-Taek Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 33.     CrossRef
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  • 9 Crossref
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Proximal Femoral Nail(PFN) for Femur Intertrochanteric Fracture
Dong Kyu Shin, Koing Woo Kwun, Shin Kun Kim, Sang Wook Lee, Chang Hyuk Choi, Kyung Min Kim
J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(3):328-335.   Published online July 31, 2002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.3.328
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
This prospective study was performed to evaluate the usefulness and the risk of the Proximal Femoral Nail(PFN) for internal fixation of the femur intertrochanteric fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
We operated 26 consecutive intertrochanteric fracture patients with PFN from June 2000 to May 2001 and analysed the operation time, bleeding loss, union rate, union time, failure of fixation and complications. We also evaluated the clinical result with the recovery of ambulatory function and functional recovery score.
RESULTS
Mean operation time was 72 minutes and mean transfusion amount was 0.54 unit. 24 cases progressed to union until 4 months uneventfully and remaining 2 cases also progressed to union within 6months without further operation. There was no failure of fixation. Mean fracture site impaction was 4.4mm and among the 11 unstably reduced cases 3 showed overimpaction(> 10mm). Clinically mean loss of ambulation ability was 1.4 grade. Last follow Skovoron functional recovery score was 72.2. We removed laterally protruded hip pin and femur neck screws in two cases because of irritation on the lateral trochanteric area skin. But there was no significant complications such as intraoperative or postoperative fractures and femoral head cut out.
CONCLUSION
The findings from this study indicate that, compared with other methods, PFN is useful and reliable choice for the femur intertrochanteric fracture treatment in the terms of less complications and equal or better results.

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    Phil Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Jong Pil Kim, Young Sung Kim, Ho Min Lee, Dae Jung Huh
    Hip & Pelvis.2013; 25(1): 51.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Study of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation and Zimmer Natural Nail for the Treatment of Stable Intertrochanteric Fractures
    Jee-Hoon Kim, Oog-Jin Shon
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    Il Ho Park, Jong Kyoung Won, Kye Young Han
    Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(2): 117.     CrossRef
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    Ki-Do Hong, Jae-Chun Sim, Sung-Sik Ha, Tae-Ho Kim, Yoon-Ho Choi, Jong-Hyun Kim
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  • The Comparison between ITST™ (Intertrochanteric/Subtrochanteric) & DHS (Dynamic Hip Screw) in Unstable Femur Intertrochanteric Fracture
    Ho-Seung Jeon, Byung-Mun Park, Kyung-Sub Song, Hyung-Gyu Kim, Jong-Ju Yun
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  • Complications of Femoral Pertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)
    Kee-Byoung Lee, Byung-Taek Lee
    Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 33.     CrossRef
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