Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

Anatomy, Mechanism and Classification of the Pelivc Bone Fracture: J H Park; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):1-4. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.1

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Diagnosis of Pelvic Bone Fractures: Hong Jun Han; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):5-11. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.5

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Deep-learning-based pelvic automatic segmentation in pelvic fractures
Jung Min Lee, Jun Young Park, Young Jae Kim, Kwang Gi Kim
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Conservativ eTreated of Pelvic Ring and Acetabular Fracture: Sung Kwan Hwang, Young Sang Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):12-19. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.12

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A Case Report of Korean Rehabilitation Treatment and Analysis of Conservative Treatment of Pelvic Fracture in Korea
Hyun Ju Ha, Ji Hyang Gu, Bong Seok Choi, Tae Young Oh, Eun Mi Oh, Yu-Chen Li, Min-Seok Oh
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2018; 28(2): 135. CrossRef

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Surgical Treatment of the Pelvic Fracture: Dae Yong Han; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):20-22. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.20

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Complications and Disabilities of Fractures of the Pelvic: Min Young Chung; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):23-28. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.23

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Clinical Study on Monteggia fracture in Adults: Hyung Ku Yoon, Kwang Pyo Jeon, Kuk Whan Oh, Dae Eun Jung, Kyung Hoon Kang, Nam Kil Cho; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):29-36. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.29

Abstract PDF: In 1814, Monteggia first desHribed a fracture of proximal third of the ulna with dislocation of radial head, and Bado classified and included all fracture of ulna at any level with a dislocation of radial head under the name of Monteggla lesion In 1967. In adults, the prognosis Is poor due to many complications such as nerve injury, unreduced radial head, heterotrophic ossification, nonunion and malunion. The most important factors In achieving good results in adult Monteggia lesions are early accurate diagnosis, rigid internal fixation of the ulna and complete reduction of the radial head as soon as possible. The authors reviewed 12 cases of Monteggia fracture In adults who were treatod at department of orthopaedic surgery, Sung-Ae General hospital from 1989 jan. to 1991 Dec. with 17 months mean follow-up. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Male was 10 cases and female 2 cases. 2. The causes of injury were traffic accident In 9 cases, machinery injury in 2, fall down in 1 3. Location of ulna fracture was as follows; metaphysis was 4, proximal 1/3 in 6 cases, proximal 1/3 junction in 1, metaphysls and proximal 1/3 in 1. 4. According to Bado classificatlon, type I was 58%. type II 25%, tyre III 17%, type IV 0%. 5. Treatments of dislocated radial head were closed reduction in 9 Gases open reduction in 1 case, and excision in 2 cases. 6. Fractures of ulna were all treated with open reduction and internal fixation with plate in 9 cases. IM nailing in 1 case, tension band wiring in 2 cases. 7. Palsy of posterior interosseous nerve was in 2 cases with complete recovery within 6 months. 8. The results(Bruce, et. at) 17 month follow-up in average were 2 excellent, 5 good, 2 fair and 3 poor.

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The Type and Treatment of Elbow Fractrue in Children: Kyung Chul Kim, Jae Yeul Choi, Joon Sik Kim, Ahn Seok Choi; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):37-42. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.37

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The elbow fractures in children are extremely common and sometimes its are quite difficult to determine the diagnosis. Failure to diagnose adequately and treat fractures of the elbow In children may result in severe complications, such as Volkmanns ischemec contracture, nerve injuries and angular deformity Therefore, accurate reduction without additional trauma and good maintenance are essential by closed or open method. A cllnical analysis was performed on 162 patients with elbow fractures and dislocations in Koryo General Hospital from Jan. 1985 to Jan. 1992. 1. The average age of children was 6 years 9 months, and sex ratio was predominently male(3:1) 2. The most common mechanism was fall from height in 142 cases(88%). 3. Fractures of supracondyle in children was common injuries of the elbow ; 89 cases(55%). 4. Although minimally dlsplaced lateral condyle fracture, the accepted method of treatment was open reduction.

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The Amount of Stemflow and Throughfall by the Rainfall in Pinus densiflora Forests
Kyoung-Jin Kim, Kun-Woo Chun, Tsugio Ezaki, Shoji Inoue
Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems.2000; 5(2): 13. CrossRef

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Silicone Rubber Replacement of the Severely Fractured Radial Head: Byung Woo Min, Chang Soo Kang, Young Sik Pyun, Kwang Soon Song, Young Wook Ha; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):43-48. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.43

Abstract PDF: The best method of treatment for displaced comminuted fractures of the radial head is still controversial. Early excision of the fractured radial head has been favored by a number of authors. but problems such as chronic pain in the elbow, forearm or wrist, restricted movement of the elbow, late subluxation of the distal radio-ulnar joint can ensue. So prosthetic replacement of the radial head had been advocated either for acute treatment of a fracture or for delayed treatment, when conservative treatment has failed. We analyzed 10 patients with comminuted radial head fracture treated by silastic prosthesls replacement shortly after injury from Jan. 1988 to Dec. 1992. The results were as follows. 1. Age distribution at operation was varied from 19 to 57 year with the average at 40.9 year. 2. The average time interval between initial radial head fracture and silastic prosthetic replacement was about 10 days(range 4 days to 18 days). 3. 6 patients(60%) were free of elbow, pain 2 patients(20%) had intermittent mild pain especially at night and 2 patients(20%) had mild pain only after heavy work. 4. All patients were free of wrist pain 5. There was no patient of breaking or tilting of prosthesis radiologically. 6. Overall assessment showed excellent in 4 patients(40%), good in 4 patients(40%) and poor in 2 patients(20%).

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Supracondylar Osteotomy for Cubitus Varus and Valgus: Duk Seop Shin, Jong Chul Ahn, Se Dong Kim, Yong Seok Choi; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):49-57. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.49

Abstract PDF: Between December 1989 and january 1944, 17 corrective supracondylar osteotomy of humerus for cubitus varus and valgus were performed at department of orthopaedic surgery in Yeugnam University. Supracondylar fracture was the most common cause of deformity Average age at operation was 18.6 years old and average follow up period was 14 months. The operation was done under the comprehensive preoperative plan, and Internal fixation was done with K-w,res ,n younger patients, and with plates and screws in elder ones(77%). Period for external fixation could be shortened by firm internal fixation. The result was exllent in nine cases, good in four, and poor in four. No ulna and radial nerve palsy were found in operation of cubitus varus. There were three tardy ulna nerve palsy In cubitus valgus, then anterior transposition of ulna nerve was done.

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Operative Treatment of Olecranon Fracture: Sang Won Park, Chang Yong Hur, Jae Hak Shim; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):58-64. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.58

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Most olecranon fractures are intraarticular and therefore can compromise the stability of the elbow joint. When dispaced, open reduction and internal fixation are usually requried to obtain anatomic realignment of the articular surface and restore normal elbow function. In a retrospective study of 27 patients, fractures of the olecranon with operative treatment were analyzed for relationship between the treatment result and type of fracture, treatment method, articular involvement, and postoperative step-off of articular surface from July, 1986 to September 1992 and following results were obtained. 1. There were f type I, 19 type II and 1 type III according to Mayo classification. 2. The methods of treatment were 6 cases(21%) of open reduction and medullary nailing, 16 cases(55%) of open reduction and tension band wiring, 2 cases(7%) of proximal fragment excision, and 3 cases of screw fixation 3. Clinical results were good in 13 cases(48%), 9 fair(35%), 5 poor(17%) according to the criteria by Helm et al. Radiologic results were good in 12 cases(45%), 8 fair(30%), 5 poor(19%) except 2 cases of fragment excision. 4. The most common complication was protrusion of fixation device(14 cases:52%). 5. The poor result was noted mostly in Mayo fracture type III , articular involvement more than 60%, and postoperative step-off more than 2mm.

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Treatment of Ulnar Olecranon Fracture Using Acutrak Screw
Hyungchun Kim, Kwangryul Kim, Moonsup Lim, Youngil Park, Inhwan Hwang, Jihoon Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(4): 270. CrossRef
Double Tension Band Wiring for Olecranon Fractures
Suk Kang, Chung Soo Hwang, Phil Hyun Chung, Young Sung Kim, Jin Wook Chung, Jong Pil Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(2): 130. CrossRef

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Change in Carrying Angle after Supraeondylar Fracture of the Humerus in Children: Hyoun Oh Cho, Kyoung Duck Kwak, Sung Do Cho, Byoung Yong Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):65-71. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.65

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Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is the most common fracture about the elbow in children. Due to the thinners in this region, it is difficult to reduce the displaced fracture and to maintain the reduction. The purpose of this study is to review the change in carrying angle after this fracture with references to the level and type of the fracture and method of treatment. The authors reviewed 90 cases of supracondylar fracture in children. Ten cases were treated conservatively, sixty eight by percutaneous pinning and twelve by open reduction with regard to the level of the fractures, sixty nine cases(78.9%) revealed fracture through the olecranon fossa. And the less the age of the patient, the more distal was the level of the fracture. change in carrying angle was more common in fractures through the olecranon fossa, in cases of type 4 fractures and in cases of percutaneous pinning. About one third of the cases with fish-tail sign or medial impaction on postoperative roentgenogram showed change in carrying angle of more than 6 degrees. cases with change in carrying angle or more than 6 degrees revealed insufficient redutlon or inadequate fixation. In cases of open reducton the results were good or excellent in all.

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Reliability of the Radiographic Parameters in Pediatric Supracondylar Fracture
Yoon Hae Kwak, Dong Jou Shin, Kun Bo Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 90. CrossRef

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Frarture-Separation of the Distal Humeral Epiphysis in Children: Dong Wo Lee, Se Dong Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):72-78. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.72

Abstract PDF: We have reviewed thirteen cases of fracture-separation of the distalk humeral epiphysis, one of which was initially misdiagnosed as a fracture of the lateral condyle. There were some difficulties in making the correct diagnosis. The injury must be distinguished from anelbow dislocation and a fracture of the lateral humeral condyle. All thirteen patients revealed posteromedial displacement of the distal humeral epiphysis on initial x-rays nine patients were treated by colosed reduction and cast Immobilizatlon, and four patients by open reduction and internal fixation All nine patients with conservative treatment had slight cubitus varus under 5 degrees. Two patients with operative treatment had significant deformities of the elbow, one 25 degrees of valgus and one 20 degrees of varus. In treatment of these injuries, accurate evaluation of the state of reduction is important but difficult to obtain. We got acceptable results with conservative treatment.

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Treatment of Monteggia fracture in Adults: Dong Min Shin, Byung Ho Lee, Hyun Jung Yoon; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):79-86. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.79

Abstract PDF: In 1814 Monteggia described two cases of fracture of the proximal part of the ulna with anterior dislocation of the radial head. Since then, there have been many reports of this type of fracture dislocation. Bado named Monteggia lesion as a fracture of ulna at any level and a dislocation of radial head. Thrity-five patient with Monteggia fracture were treated at department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ehosun University Hospital from 1985. January to 1991 December. Twenty-seven patient, who were followed for a minimum of one year, subject of this review. The results were as follows: 1. Among the 27 patients, male is about 3 times more than female. 2. The cause of injuries were traffic accident in 15, fall down in 10, belt injury in 1 and direct blowing in 1 3. Classification into 4 type by Bados method disclosed that type I accounts for 51.9% of cases, type II for 14.8%, type III for 22.8% and type IV for 11.1% 4. Sites of ulna fractures were upper one thlrd in 8, junction of upper and middle 1/3 in 11, middle 1/3 in 5, distal 1/3 in 1 and segmental 2. 5. Closed reduction of radial head dislocation was done in 13 cases open reduction in 6 cases, and excision in 8 cases. 6. All of the fractures of ulna were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with plate in 16, Rush pin in 6 and wiring in 5. 7. The partial posterior interosseous nerve injury was noticed in 3 cases and recovered completely within 8 weeks. 8. With the criteria of Bruce et al(1974), the result were excellent in 11, good in 7, fair in 5 and poor in 4.

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Primary Open Reduction of the Clavicular Shaft Fractures in Adults: Chung Nam Kang, Jin Man Wang, Kwon Jae Roh, Yeo Hon Yun, Dong Jun Kim, Cheol Min Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):87-94. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.87

Abstract PDF: The clavicle plays very important role in the motion of the shoulder girdle and maintenance of power and stability of the arm. The most clavicular shaft fractures can be treated by conservative methcds with a high rate of union and low rate of complications. The operative treatment in clavicular fracture is limited in such as wide separation of the fragments with soft tissue interposition, nonunion, or neurovascular involvements. From 1989 to 1991, eighty six consecutive patients with clavicular shaft fractures were treated at Ewha Womans University Hospital. Fifty eight patients were treated conservatively(Group I) and twenty eight patients operatively(Group II) Authors compared both groups and obtained the following results; 1. The most common cause of injuries was the traffic accident and the most common associated skeletal injury around the shoulder was the rib fracture. 2. The degree of comminution and displacement of the clavicular shaft fracture were more severe in Group II. 3. The average time to union was 8.7 weeks in Group I and 10.3 weeks in Group II. 4. The average rate of union at 4 months was 93.1% in Group I and 96.4% in Group II 5. The functional result was good or excellent in over 90% in both Groups according to the Kangs criteria. 6. The rate of complication was 8.0% in Group I (one nonunion, three delayed unions and one malunlon) and 3.6% in Group II(only one case of nonunion) 7. The immobilization period was between 6 to 8 weeks In Group I and within 4 weeks in Group II in most cases.

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Treatment of the Tibia Shaft Fractures with Unreamed Intramedullary Interlocking Nail: Ki Chan Ahh, Seung Seok Seo, Hyun Duek Yoo, Jang Seok Choi; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):95-104. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.95

Abstract PDF: In general, blood supply of the long bones contributes three ways-nutrient, metaphyseal and periosteal vessels. Its vascular damage is caused by major trauma or extensive soft tissue det-achment. When the diaphysis of long bone is reamed, endosteal blood supply is eliminated. In our hospital, 23 selected cases of the diaphyseal fracture of tibla have been treated by manipulative reduction, unlearning of the medullary canal and fixation of fracture fragments with an Interlocking intramedullary nail for preserration its vascularity as possible. We analized the patients from Jan. 1992 to May 1993, who were followed up for a mean 12 months. Most of cases were acute, 18 of these cases were open fracture and main cause of the injury was traffic accidents. Overall, 90% of the patients were judged to have good or excellent result based on both clinical and radiological parameters, and the average bony union time was 17 weeks. The complications were mainly infection(3 cases), loosening or breakage of the locking screws(3 cases) and delayed union(1 case). The merits of unlearned interlocking nailing were relatively easy procedure, short operation time, decreased complcations, rigid fixation and early rehabilitation. We concluded that unlearned intramedullary interlocking nailing is a useful method to treat the tibia shaft fractures, especially open type.

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A Clinical Study of the Tibia Plateau Fracture: Hyung Seok Kim, Ki Do Hong, Sung Sik Ha, Dong Seok Kang, Jae Hyun Lim; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):105-112. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.105

Abstract PDF: The tibia plateau fractures are more common and severe than past decade because of increased traffic accident and industrial injury recently There are many argument about treatment of tibla plateau fractures, but the main goal of treatment Is to achived a stable, well-a-ligned, movable joint with minimum surface irregularities and with adequate soft tissue healing. The authors analyzed the 38 cases of the tibia plateau fractures treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul Adventist Hospital from 1987 to 1992, to know the relationship between the type of fracture, treatment, and the results. The fallowing results were obtained. 1. The incidence Is more frequent in male and fifth decade was the most popular. 2. The most common cause of injury was traffic accident. 3. The most affrected site was left(26 cases) and lateral condyle(25 cases). 4. The most common fracture type acording to the Hohls classification were undisplaced and communited type of fractures. 5. 14 cases were treated with conservative method and 24 cases were treated with surgical method and 75% of patient which were treated with conservative, 86% of patient which were treated with surgical method, obtained satisfactory result according to Brokkers evaluation 6. The factors of poor results were as follow, communited fracture in Hohls classification, associated with severe other part of fracture, with severe soft tissue injury, or with ligament and meniscal injury.

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Treatment of the Long Bone fractures Assuiated with Vascular Injuries: Myun Whan Ahn, Yong Seok Choi, Jong Chal Ahn; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):113-121. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.113

Abstract PDF: Vascular injuries combined with long bone fractures have been infrequent and difficult to manage. Despite of recent advancement in the vacular repalr and fixation of fracutres, it is not easy to save the limb. In order to identify the factor associated with amputation or salvage of the affected limb, a retrospective study of 14 patients whose injured vessels were repaired primarily at the time of bone fixation was perfomed. The ischemic time, the degree of soft tissue or bone injury and the method of treatment were evaluated with relation to the limb salvage, 4(28.6%) of that 14 long bone fractures needed secondary amputation due to a vascular insufficiency. In 3 of 4 fractures, in which vascular repair were delayed over 24 hours, afftected limbs were amputated later. Thus, the ischemnic time was determined as an important factor for limb salvage after the vascular injury associated with the long bone fracture(p<0.05). However, the dogree of the soft tissue of bone injury and the method of treatment were not correlated with the limb salvage.

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Treatment of the Fractures of the Humeral Shaft with the Non-reamed True/Flex Humerus Rod: Dong Chul Lee, Jae Sung Seo, Sang Don Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):122-130. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.122

Abstract PDF: Recently, surgical intervention of the fractures of the humeral shaft was increased due to the severe trauma occuring in the traffic accident and industrial accident, even if closed treatment was appropriate in the humeral diaphysis. In order to obtain the early mobilization prevention of the nonunion and joint stiffness, rigid fixation of the fracture is needed. To reduce the complication of the open reduction (nonunion, infection, radlal neue palsy), closed intramedullary nail fixation techlnques without opening the fracture site were used. Eight cases of the fractures of the humeral shaft were treated with nonreamed True/Flex humerus rod system(intramedullary fixation) between Nov.1992 and Apr.1993. And the obtained results were as follows. 1. The normal healing cases were S and its average healing time Is post-op. 9.2 weeks. There were nonunion in 1 case and delayed union in 2 cases. 2. The causes of the injury were traffic accident in 6 cases fall down in 1 case, belt injury in 1 case. 3. The causes of the nonunion and delayed union were as follows distraction(by inappropriate selection of the rod and physical treatment) in 2 cases, insufficient immobilzation in 1 cases. 4. The True/Flex humerus rod seemed to recommand to the patients with multiple, open, segmental fractures and poor qeneral condition.

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Analysis of Rick Fractors of HiP fractures after the eighth Decade of Life: Seung Ho Yune, Sang Rho Ahn, Chan Hee Park, Jun Young Yang; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):131-136. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.131

Abstract PDF: In Order to evaluate to the risk factors of hip fracture, we reviewed 34 patients, who were over 70 years old, from Jan. 1991 to Dec. 1993. The patients who have preexisting desease such as chronic illness, or in case of traffic accident, and fall down injury were excluded. We measured the singhs index and femoral neck-shaft angle on simple X-ray, bone mineral density for quantitative measurement of mineral on dual photon absorptiometry, and calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase on serologic study. We compared the results with control group who have not orthopaedic problems in 20 old aged person, and the results obtained were as follows. 1. The male to female ratio is 11:23, a high rate in female, and the mean age of patients is 74.3 years old, ragne from 70 to 89 years. 2. Femoral neck-shaft angle of patient group is 141.67Â±5.3 compared to 143.40Â±4.8 of control, showed statistical significance. 3. Bony trabeculae index of proximal femur of patient group is 1.83Â±0.83 compared to 2.91 Â± 0.86 of control, showed statistical significance. 4. In patient group, about 30% decreased in bone mineral density compared control. This result must be requisite to reinvestigation and statlstical analysis were not carried due to numbers of members of control. 5. There is no significant difference between two groups regard to serologic study. In summary, risk factors of hip fractures are aged female with decreased femoral neck-shaft angle, below third degree in singhs index and lower bone mineral density compared with same age. According to the our data, in case of hip fractures in old aged, for prevent the postoperative complication and refracture, prophylactic theraphy to collectible causes are required, in addllion to operative internal fixation.

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Management of Acetabular Fracture: Kwang Jin Rhee, Jyun Kyu Lee, Chan Hee Park, Ho Suk Lee, Kyoung Tai Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):137-143. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.137

Abstract PDF: Acetabulum consisting of the hip joint is the most important weight bearing portion in the lower extremity But if fractures of acetabulum are not accurately evaluated, classified, and reduced anatomically, major sequalae and complication are frequently developed. Because of complicated anatomy, difficulty with surgical exposure, frequent associated injury, the treat ment of acetabular fractures between conservative and surgical methods is still controversal. We studied roentgenographic finding, associated inlury, method of treatment and result of treatment. We reviewed forty cases of acetabular fracture from May 1985 to July 1993. The results was as follows; 1. The pervalent age was from second decade to forth decade. 2. We classified 40 cases by Letournel classification. The most common type was posterior wall fracture, the second was anterior column fracture. 3. Most common associated injury was pelvic bone fractures. 4. Surgical approaches were decided by the fracture type and duration from injury to operation. 5. In nonoperative treatment group, 73.3% of cases were excellent and good result, and in operative treatment group 88.0% of cases were excellent and good result. 6. The complications were occured in 12 cases(48.0%) of 25 cases of operative reatment group.

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Treatment of Fractures Using by Sherman Plates: Hong Min Shin, Sang Ho Ha, Young Lae Mun; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):144-150. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.144

Abstract PDF: Stabilization of the fracture using implants requires cantact suface between implant and bone. Sherman plate is semirigid plate and lighter than other compression plates. Sherman plates were used as butress plates which negated compression and shear forces. The authors analyzed fractures treated with Sherman plates in 70 patients, who were treated surgically in our hospital between Jan. 1983. and Jan. 1991, minimum twelve months follow up. 1. Among 70 cases, there were fracutures in 57(81.4%), sequelae of fractures in 10(14.3%), and disease processes in 3(4.3%). 2. primary bone union was achieved in 60 cases(85.7%). 3. As complications, there were delayed union in 7(10%), nonunion in 3(4.3%), infection in 3(4.3%). 4. Sherman plates have many benefits in reduction and fixation of fracture fragments. The small-sized plate, such as Sherman plate might be useful in the treatment of fractures.

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Clinical analysis on 9 cases of tibial shaft nonunion: J C Inh, P T Kim, B C Park, S Y Kim, J H Park; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):151-160. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.151

Abstract PDF: It is often difficult to achieve bony union in the cases of nonunion of the fractured tibia. The frequency of nonunion of tibial shaft is increasing due to an increment of open, commi noted fractures, associated soft tissue injuries and association of visceral ruptures, and so its treatments give orthopedic surgeons a rather difficult obstacles. 9 cases of nonunion of tibial shaft were treated from Jan., 1988 to Dec., 1992 and the average folllow up period was 11.6 months with minimal 9 months and maximum 17 months, and the results were as follows: 1. Of the 9 patients, there were 7 male and 2 female patients. 2. The cause of the fractures was traffic accident, all of 9. 3. Of the 9 cases, there were 6 open and 3 closed fractures. 4. The shape of fractures consisted of 3 comminuted, 3 segmental, 2 oblique, 1 transverse. 5. At the time of initial treatemt, 5 were treated operatively, 4 were treated conseuatively 6. Of the 3 associated injuries, there was 1 pelvic bone fracture, 1 multiple rib fracture with pneumo-hemothorax, 1 head injury. 7. Average period from injury to diagnosis as nonunion was 9.3 months. 8. Of the probable causes of nonunion, 5 cases were caused by inadeauate or inappropriate immobilization, 2 by bone defect, 1 by infection, 1 by implant failure. 9. The average time required for union was 6.4 months in hypertrophic nonunion and 8.8 months in atrophic nonunion.

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The Treatment in Infected Nonunion of Distal Femoral Fracture: Report of two cases: Jong Oh Kim, Yon Sik Yoo, Suk Ha Lee, Sung Jong Lee, Taek Sun Kim, Jae Ik Sim; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):161-166. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.161

Abstract PDF: It is reported that infected pathological fracture of distal femur has a difficulty in treatment The difficulties lie in; choosing a internal fixator, adequate sequestrectomy of infected lesion, limb shortening, long duration of immobilizatlon. We uses the external fixator in treatment of distal femoral fracture because it needs less devices in fracture site than the internal fixator, and it could get a rigid fixation. we uses the Ilizarov apparatus. The merits of Ilizarov are, early weight bearing; limb lengthening and easy compression and distraction. The one case in which limb length discrepancy is occured, is peformed by limb lengthening. In this study, we are going to argue about the two cases, of infected non-unlon of distal femoral fixation comparing with one another.

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Clinical Results of the Delayed & Non-union of the Long Bones with Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing: Han Suk Go, Yoon Seong Yoon, Eung Sun Ahl; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):167-173. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.167

Abstract PDF: Delayed & non-union are common complications of the fracture of long bones. Many kinds of treatment modalities for delayed & non-union have been reported, but rigid fixation and bone graft have been the most common accepted method. The interlocking Intramedullary nailing technique has advantages which the rigid internal fixation and bone grafting effect of reaming debris. We treated nine cases of delayed & non-union of femur and tibia at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul Paik Hospital from Jan. 1990 to Octo. 1992 and results were as follows. 1. Nine cases of the delayed & non-union were consisted by 7 cases of femur and 2 cases of tibia. 2. Causes of delayed & non-union were failure of implants in 4 cases, inadequate and inappropriate immobilization in 3 cases, and persistent gap in 2 cases. 3. Union was achieved in 7 cases and union rate is 77.8%.

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Angular Changes after Operative Treatment for the Supracondylar fractures of the Femur: Hyoun Oh Cho, Kyoung Duek Kwak, Sung Do Cho, Cheol Soo Ryoo, Bub Jae Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):174-180. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.174

Abstract PDF: A fractures of the distal femur is an extremely complex fracture with which to deal. Poor bone stock, proximity to the knee joint, and a truncated shape make this area of the femur less suitable for internal fixation than other areas. Ideal care still somewhat controversial. Major complications include nonunion, delayed union, infection, loss of fixation, Joint stiffness and angular deformity, etc. The authors reviewed postoperative tiblo-femoral angular changes from the twenty six cases of supracondylar and intercondylar fractures of the femur treated operatively from January, 1988 to December, 1991. Fractures of a single condyle were excluded. The fractures were fixed internally with dynamic condylar screw(DCS) in nine cases, anatomic plate in nine, dynamic compression plate(DCP) in six and others in two. During the periods of follow up there noted varus change of 3.7 degrees in average. We reviewed retrospectively these postoperative varus or valgus angular changes with reference to the degree of injury, type of fracture, time elapsed from injury to operation, kind of internal fixation device, initial bone graft and postoperative brace supplement. Less angular changes in the tiblo-femoral angle with better results were noted in cases with lower energy injuries, AO type Al, A2 or Cl fractures, operation within 1 week of injury, internal fixation with DCS, initial bone graft and postoperative corrective brace supplement.

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The Treatment of Supracondylar Femur Fracture after Total Knee Replacement: Dae Kyung Bae, Hong Ku Lee, Chong Hoon Cho; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):181-186. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.181

Abstract PDF: We had five cases of the supracondylar fracture of the femur among 419 total knee arthroplasties in 330 patients that were done between January 1989 and december 1992 The incidence was 1.2%. Two cases were treated by non-operative methods. One case was treated by open reduction and screw fixation. And other two cases were treated by closed intramedullary Ender nailing. Prearthroplastic diagnosis was three cases of rheumatoid arthrltis, one degenerative arthritis and one tuberculous arthritis. The average age was 49.8 years(range, 34 to 71) and all patients were female. The supracondylar fractures occured by fall down injury and those were not associated with other injury The average duration between total knee arthroplasty and fracture was 1 year 8 months(range 9 months to 3 year 9 months). The average follow up period was 13 months(range, 6 months to 2 year 6 months). Posttreatment angulation was 2.3 degrees in AP plane and 6.7 degrees in lateral plane.

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Blair Tibiotalar Arhrodesis of the Ankle: Young Lim, Soo He Choi, Brung Jik Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):187-191. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.187

Abstract PDF: Blar tibiotalar arthrodesls is a procedure that fuses the distal tibia to the talar neck in situation which the body of the talus has been lost or is osteonecrotlc. This method allows nearly normal appearance of the foot with little shortening of the extremity and permits some flexion-extension motion of the foot on the leg. From May, 1988 to December, 1992, 5 patients 6 cases of Blair tiblotalar arthrodesis were carried out at Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Seoul Paik Hospital. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Among 6 cases of arthrodesis, Hawkins type III were 3 cases, open, comminuted Hawkins type III were 2 cases, open, comminuted Hawkins type II was 1 case. 2. The average duration of immobilization after ankle arthrodesls was 11.3 weeks. 3. Bony union was obtained in all cases and the average union period was 15 weeks. 4. Clinical results were evaluated according to Lances criteria with average follow up period of 24.2 months. Excellent results were 2 cases, Good results were 4 cases.

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Treatment of Unstable Fracture of the Thoracolumbar Spine Using Kaneda Instrumentation: Ik Soo Choi, Woo Il Kim, Sung Lim, Seung Ho Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(1):192-200. Published online May 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.1.192

Abstract PDF

In cases of unstable thoracolumbar burst fractures, recently the operative treatments such as posterior stabilization and fusion, anterior decompression and fusion, and combined method have been used and choice of procedures is determined by neurologic deficit, instability, and interval between injury and operation. Kaneda instrumentation is rigid anterior spinal device that provides sufficient stability for anterior decompression through partial or total corpectomy and adequate correction of kyphosis as one stage operation by instrumentation. We have experienced 12 cases of Kaneda instrumentation via anterior approach for thoracolumbar fracture, from Aug. 1989 to Jun. 1991 Among them, 7 cases have been followed for more than 12 months and reviewed. The results were as followed: 1. There was no relationship between canal compromise and Frankel grade. Incomplete neurologlc deficit improved by 1.4 Frankel grade but complete neurologic deficit did not improve. 2. The mean preoperative kyphotIc angulation was 26.1, postoperative angulation 12.7, correction angle 13.4, and sorrection rate was 51.4%. 3. Anterior spinal approach for the unstable thoracolumbar fractures using Kaneda instrumentation provided 1) sufficient anterior spinal decompression and fusion 2) adequate correction of kyphotic deformity and 3) stability to enable early ambulation.

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Biomechanical Efficacy of Various Anterior Spinal Fixation in Treatment of Thoraco-lumbar Spine Fracture
Ye-Soo Park, Hyoung-Jin Kim, Choong-Hyeok Choi, Won-Man Park, Yoon-Hyuk Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 70. CrossRef

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